The developed economies of the world are now facing new challenges, the main of which are: the degree of human participation in the production process, in which it will not be an “appendage” of new intelligent systems; prevention of further social and economic polarization of society; development of new economic tools to mitigate the negative effects of extensive digitalization of production and services. This paper shows that conditional basic income as a macroeconomic policy tool can be a response to these challenges, especially given its role as the instrument of maintaining aggregate solvent demand.